async-bulkhead-llm - v3.17.0
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    Capability / Library async-bulkhead-llm LangChain / LlamaIndex OpenAI SDK (raw) p-limit / Bottleneck cockatiel / polly
    Primary goal LLM admission control (cost + concurrency) Orchestration / pipelines API client Concurrency / scheduling Resilience patterns
    Fail-fast by default ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ⚠️ Depends
    Token-aware admission ✅ Yes (pre-admission budget) ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Token refund (post-call correction) ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    In-flight token ceiling ✅ Yes (tokenBudget) ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Concurrency limits ✅ Yes ⚠️ Indirect ❌ No ✅ Yes ⚠️ Indirect
    Bounded queue (optional) ✅ Yes ⚠️ Internal ❌ No ✅ Yes ⚠️ Indirect
    Fail-fast overload handling ✅ Core feature ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ⚠️ Indirect
    Observe/shadow rollout mode ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    In-flight deduplication ✅ Yes ⚠️ Partial caching ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Custom dedup key ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Model-aware estimation ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Per-request model routing ✅ Yes ✅ Yes ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No
    Multimodal-aware estimation ✅ Yes (text-only counted) ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Abort / timeout (admission) ✅ Yes ⚠️ Partial ⚠️ SDK-level ⚠️ Partial ✅ Yes
    Event hooks (metrics/logging) ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ⚠️ Limited
    Graceful shutdown (drain/close) ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    Retries / fallback ❌ No ⚠️ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ✅ Yes
    LLM orchestration (chains/agents) ❌ No ✅ Yes ❌ No ❌ No ❌ No
    • LangChain / LlamaIndex → what to run (orchestration)
    • OpenAI SDK → how to call the provider
    • p-limit / Bottleneck → how many tasks run
    • cockatiel / polly → what happens after failure
    • async-bulkhead-llm → whether a request should run at all

    If you want to build LLM pipelines, use LangChain. If you want to keep your service standing under load, use async-bulkhead-llm.

    These are complements, not substitutes. A typical stack runs LangChain above the bulkhead and a retry library around it.

    Most LLM tooling optimizes execution. async-bulkhead-llm optimizes survival under load.

    It enforces concurrency ceilings, in-flight token ceilings, and fail-fast admission before a request ever reaches your provider.

    None of that is a cost control. The token budget limits concurrent commitment, not cumulative spend — see Token budget and estimation.

    • ❌ No retries
    • ❌ No provider SDK — bring your own client
    • ❌ No distributed coordination
    • ❌ No cost accounting or spend caps — token estimation is for load-shedding only

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